Most cases of urinary tract infections occur in women. Of those that occur in men, relatively few affect younger men. In men older than 50, the prostate gland a gland near the bottom of the bladder, close to the urethra can enlarge and block the flow of urine from the bladder. This condition is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. This condition can prevent the bladder from emptying completely, which increases the likelihood that bacteria will grow and trigger an infection.
Cystitis is more common in men who practice anal intercourse and in those who are not circumcised. Other factors that increase the risk of urinary infections include an obstruction, such as that caused by a partial blockage of the urethra known as a stricture, and non-natural substances, such as rubber catheter tubes as may be inserted to relieve a blockage in the urethra. To continue reading this article, you must log in. Already a member?
Login ». As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician. Thanks for visiting. This means that most men will have never had a UTI, especially if they are young.
When a UTI develops in men, it is usually considered complicated and more likely to spread to the kidneys and upper urinary tract.
Some cases may even require surgery. We learn more about this condition, including its symptoms and treatment options, in this article. Men with UTIs may have no signs or symptoms of the infection. However, when symptoms do occur, they can include:. These symptoms are signs that the disease has spread to the kidneys or the upper urinary tract.
An infection that has spread here is a more serious problem that requires prompt treatment. UTIs are caused by bacteria. Older men have a higher risk of having a UTI, especially if they are after the age of Most cases in older men are caused by the bacterium known as Escherichia coli , which is naturally present in the body.
A UTI develops when the bacterium gets into the urinary tract through the urethra and starts multiplying. As men have longer urethras than women, they are less prone to UTIs because bacteria need to travel a longer distance to reach the bladder. UTIs are four times more common in women than in men. Examples of these procedures include the insertion of a tube to drain the bladder, or a small camera, known as a cystoscopy, to examine the bladder and urethra.
Men can get UTIs from women during sex, by getting the bacteria from a woman with the infection. However, this is unlikely. A doctor can diagnose a UTI by carrying out a physical examination, taking a medical history, and through laboratory tests.
Laboratory tests are required to diagnose the infection as the symptoms of a UTI can be common to other diseases. A urine sample is usually needed to look for the presence of pus and the bacteria causing the infection.
Men may be asked to give a urine sample. A man will need to start the urine stream to clean the urethra, and then collect a midstream sample in a cup.
As bacteria multiply quickly at room temperature, this urine sample is either sent to the laboratory immediately or kept refrigerated until later. The doctor may also ask for a urine test strip, also known as a urine dipstick test.
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